top of page
ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
  • beophentivey

ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2023 - ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™


ืชืžื•ื ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจื”, ื™ื“ ื’ื‘ืจ, ื™ื“ ืื™ืฉื”, ื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื  ื‘ืื’ื•ื“ืœื™ื

ืคืชื— ื“ื‘ืจ

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื•, ืขื“ ืฉื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื•ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืงื—ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื โ€“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.

ื ืกื• ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืืชื ืžืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื›ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช, ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžื—ื‘ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ืกืชื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืง ื”ืคืš ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ "ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื”ืœืŸ" ื‘ืฉืคืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืžืกื’ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืกื•ื’ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื™ื" (ืžืื™ืคื” ืฉืื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืืจื›ืื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช-ืื‘ื•ื™ ืœื™).


7.10.2023, ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ืงื“, ื—ื“ ื•ื›ื•ืื‘ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช, ืขืœ ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช (ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืช ืขืชื” โ€“ ื ืชืขืžืง ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืืœื•)


ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื, ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื™ื ื• ืžื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื•ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื” โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืคื ื™ื, ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ โ€“


ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื, ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ืช:

ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ืงื—ื• zoom out ื•ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช, ืฆื™ื™ืจื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื—ื›ื ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื, ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืชื‘ื“ืงื• ืขื ืขืฆืžื›ื, ื›ืžื” ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช, ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื, ื”ืื ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ืžืžื ื” ืืชื ืฉื‘ืขื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ?, ื›ืžื” ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื?


ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืชื›ื™ืœ ื•ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”, ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกืคื•ื’ ื›ืŸ ืื• ืœื.. ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืขืœ ืฆื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื“ืฆื™ื‘ืœื™ื, ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ื™ื• ืžืฉืจื˜ื˜ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืชื ื•ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืชื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคื•ื’ โ€“ ืื™ืคื” ืืชื ื‘ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช? โ€“ ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืืชื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ื‘ืงืฉื”? (ืœื ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกืคื”/ืชื•ืจื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ/ืชื›ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช/ืืœ ืชืฆืขืงื• ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ โ€“ ืœื ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืชื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืจื—ื‘ ืžื—ื™ื”, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ื’ื ืžึดืจึฐื•ึทื•ื— โ€“ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื•ืžืžื ื• ืจึถื•ึทื•ื— ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉ โ€“ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื”)


ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ื™ื—ื“ ืืชื›ื, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื ืคืจืฆื• ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืฉื›ื–ื” ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ื”-7.10.2023 ื˜ืคื— ืœื ื• ื‘ืคืจืฆื•ืฃ ื”ื? ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื ืคืจืฆื• ืงื•ื“ื, ื”ื ื ืคืจืฆื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” โ€“ ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ืžื–ืžื™ื ื” ื’ื ืืชื›ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื™ (ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืœื—ื•ื“) ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืขื ืขืฆืžื™ื ื• ืฉืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘- 7.10.2023 ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืืคืฉืจ...?


ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ (ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ) ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื›ื›ื–ื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื (ืืชื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื• โ€“ ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืชื‘ืงืฉืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ..)


ื›ื•ืœื™ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•, ื™ืžืฆื ื”ืืจื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœื” ื”ื“ื•ืื‘ืช โ€“


ืžืื—ืœืช ืœื›ื ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื”ืื–ื ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื”

ื•ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•, ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืš, ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื– ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื.



ืฉืœื›ื ื›ืชืžื™ื“,



ืชืžืจ.


ย 

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ


ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”: ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืชื™ื ื•ืง - ืžืจืื” ื”ืขื•ืจ ืชืžื•ื ืช ืชืงืจื™ื‘

ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื”ืงื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื, ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืžืขื˜ืคืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืงื ื” ืœื ื• ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื—ื“ื™ืจืช ืชื•ืงืคื™ื ืื•ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ (ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื, ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื, ืคืจื–ื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื โ€“ ืขื ื—ืœืงื ืื’ื‘, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™ ื•ื’ื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืกื™ืžื‘ื™ื•ื–ื”) โ€“ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ืžืกืคืงืช ืœื ื•, ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื›ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื—ืกื™ืžืช ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ PH, ื”ืจืฉืช ืื ื–ื™ืžื™ื ืžืคืจืงื™ ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื, ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ืคืœื•ืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ืช ืžืื•ื–ื ืช. ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืกืคืง ืœื ื• ื”ืขื•ืจ ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื ื™ืชื•ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžืขื˜ื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืขื•ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื’ื ืœื‘ื˜ื ื’ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ืคื ื™ืžื”...


ืœื ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื›ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ืžืืœื™ื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื, ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืžื›ืคื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืขื“ ืงืฆื” ื”ื’ื•ืœื’ื•ืœืช, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขืชื ืžืžื ื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื ึดืคึฐืชึผึธื— ื•ื ืžืชื— ืืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจ, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืžื’ืจืฉ ื˜ื ื™ืก ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื ื™ื“ ืขืคืขืฃ โ€“ ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื• (ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”) ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ืฉืžืชืœื•ื•ื” ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื—ื•ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ (ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉืœืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืจืง ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื›ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ).


ื”ืขื•ืจ ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืขื˜ื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื•, ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื‘ื˜ื ื•ืœืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื ื”ื“ืจ ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ืจ (ืœื‘ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจ, ื™ืจื•ืง ืœื ืขืœื™ื ื•, ืื“ื•ื ื•ืกืžื•ืง ืžื“ื™), ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—, ื”ืžื–ื’ ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ื•, ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื˜ืคื—ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ื ื• โ€“


ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืขื˜ื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืžืกื›ื” ืฉืžืฆื™ื™ืจืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืžืฉืจืช ืื•ืชื ื•, ืืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืขื•ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ืกื’ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืช ืขืœื™ื ื•... ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืขืœ ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืงื• ื”ืœืกืช ื•ื”ืคื” โ€“ ืชืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•... ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื›ืœื•ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืืœื• ืฉื’ื™ื“ืœื• ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœ โ€“ ื›ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื™ื ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช?


ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฆ'ื™ืฃ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ ืขื˜ื•ืจ ื ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืจืืฉื• ื•ืคื ื™ื• ืฆื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ

ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืขืœ ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœึฐืฉึธื•ื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ืžึธืจึฐืึตื” ื•ึฐืžึถืกึถืจ ืฉืจืฆื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœืื” (ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื), ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžืกื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ึธืฆึฐืจื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœืžืกืจ ืฉืจืฆื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœืื”. ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžืกื›ื•ืช, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืžืกื›ื•ืช โ€“ ืขื•ื ื’ ืกืกื’ื•ื ื™ ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœ.


ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืžืกื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืจ ืื‘ื™ื–ืจื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื โ€“ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืคืขื ืœืฉื ืžื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ ืฉืžืฉ ื›ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš?

ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืžื” ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ืงื” (ื›ืŸ, ื›ืŸ, ืชื•ืกื™ืคื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ืงื”, ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื‘ืฉื™ืขืจ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ืจืืฉ (ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืจื™ืกื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื™ื) ื•ืœื, ื–ื” ืœื ืคื˜ื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื“ืžื”... ืชืžื™ื“ ืชื–ื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ื ื™ืžื™ืžื”.


ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืื ื˜ื™-ืื™ื™ื’'ื™ื ื’, ื”ื–ืจืงื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ.

ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” - ืคื ื™ ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืจืื” ื‘ื•ืฅ ืžืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉ ืœืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงืžื˜ื™ื ื•ื’ื™ืœ ืžืชืงื“ื



ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืกืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื ื˜ื™ ืื™ื™ื’'ื™ื ื’ โ€“ ืžืชื•ืš ืื™ื–ื” ืžืกืจ ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื” ื›ืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”-"ืื ื™ืžื”" ื”ื™ืคื ื™ืช?





ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื•, ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ืฉื ื™ ืžื’ืข = ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื. ืื ืชื™ืจืฆื•, ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจืฆืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื›- "ืžืจื’ืœื™ื" ืคื•ืขืœื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช, ื”ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื”, ืžื’ืข, ื›ืื‘ ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช โ€“ ืื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื ืคืขื ื›ืื‘ ืขืฆื‘ื™, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื•ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ื›ืื‘ ืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืžื›ืช ื‘ืจืง (ื—ืฉืžืœื™)


ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื’ื‘ ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื’ื™ืœื• ื”ืžืชืงื“ื

ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขืชื ื•ืงืจืืชื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ื ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื. ืงื™ื™ื ืงืฉืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ืœืขื•ืจ.


ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืœืกืคื™ื’ืช ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ D ื•ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ื• - ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื• ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื, ื•ื“ืื™ ืชื“ืขื• ืฉืกื˜ืจืก ืžื›ื›ื‘ ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ.


ื“ื•ืžื ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ "ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœ" โ€“ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืชืคืงื“ ื›ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ื”ืคืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืฉื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืื• ื”ื›ืฉืœ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืฉืœื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืœื, ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืจ ืžืืคืฉืจ ื—ื“ื™ืจื•ึผืช ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ื•ืช/ื“ืขื•ืช/ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืกื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืื• ืœืฆืืช...


ืขื•ืจ ืฉืžืŸ - ื™ืฉืงืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ืคืจื“ื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช=ืฉื•ืžื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื ืคื ื™ืžื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช. ืืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื›ื—ื” ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื, ื”ื ื™ื™ืฆืจื• ืžืฉืงื™ ื—ืกื›ื™ื, ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืชืกื›ื•ืœ.


ืขื•ืจ ื™ื‘ืฉ โ€“ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื ืžืจื—ื‘ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื™ืฉื™. ืขื•ืจ ื™ื‘ืฉ ืžืฉืงืฃ ืฆืžื ืœืงืฉืจ, ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”, ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช โ€“ ืืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื˜ืขื ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื•ืจ ื™ื‘ืฉ ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉื™ึธื–ึดื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ื™ืžืœืื• ืื•ืชื.


ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื–ื ืช, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืคืœื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื–ื ืช, ื›ืš ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื’ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืจืื” ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื—ืฃ ืžืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืฉืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื›ืš ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืจ ื™ื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ืขื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืฉืกื˜ืจืก ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœ ื’ื ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืฉืงื˜ื” ื•ืœื ืžืื•ื–ื ืช ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืจื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืชื’ื™ื“ื• ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ืื”, ืื˜ื•ืคื™ืง ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื˜ื™ืก, ืืงื ื”, ืืงื–ืžื•ืช ื•ืคืกื•ืจื™ืื–ื™ืก ื’ื (ืœื ืคืขื ืกื˜ืจืก ื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื’ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืžื•ืคืขื™ ืขื•ืจ).


ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืขื•ืจ ืคื’ื•ื. ืชืื™ ืขื•ืจ ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช TSLP- Thymic Stromal Lympho Poietin.


ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ื–ื• ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ (ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื•ืจ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื“ื) ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ืœืจึตื™ืื•ืช - ืฉื ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ื”ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ืช ืืช ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ืื•ืช โ€“ ืืกืชืžื” ื•ื”ืจื™ ืœื›ื ืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงืจื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื”.


ื‘ืœื™ ืœื ืฉื•ื, ื ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืกื˜ืจืก (ื”ืขื•ืจ ื›ืื™ื‘ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉืชื™ ืงื•ืœื˜ ืžืกืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืคื ื™ืžื” ืืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข) - ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ื›ืœ ื‘ืŸ/ื‘ืช ื ื•ืขืจ ืขื ืžื•ืคืข ืืงื ื” ื ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืืกื˜ืžื” โ€“ ืชื‘ื“ืงื•, ืชื‘ื“ืงื•...


ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื›ืขืช ืœืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ืขื•ืจ ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืขืช ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“ โ€“ ื”ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคืงืช ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ื ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืืœื™ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื (ืื• ื”ื›ืชืžื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•) ื›ื•ืœื ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ.


ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืœ ืžื•ืคืข ืขื•ืจื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืคืชืื•ื ืื• ื”ืฉืชื ื”, ืื• ืฉืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื” ืฉืœื• ืืจื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืžื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืคืจื˜ - ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ, ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื โ€“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง โ€“ ืืœ ืชืžืชื™ื ื•.



ย 

ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžึดืฉึฐื ึดื™ โ€“ ืื•ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื–ื


ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืคื ื™ ื ืขืจื” ืžืชื‘ื’ืจืช ืขื ืžื•ืคืข ืืงื ื” ื•ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื

ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืžื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืขื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœื™ื ื•: ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžืขื˜ืคืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ืคื™ืจืฆื” ืงื•ืจืืช ืœืื•ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ ื”ืžื–ื“ืžืŸ.


ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื—ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืฆืœื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืช, ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื”, ื›ืŸ โ€“ ืœืงื— ืœื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื™ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ืฆืจ, ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืคืฆื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื›ืš ืื• ืื—ืจืช, ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ืคืฆืข ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืืช ืฉืœืžื•ึผืช ื”ืขื•ืจ โ€“ ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืข ื”ืขื•ืจื™ ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืคืฆืข.


ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื ืคึผึถืชึธื— ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื›ืฉื”ื“ืœืช ืคืชื•ื—ื”, ื”ื™ื ืžื–ืžื™ื ื” ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืงืจื•ืื™ื โ€“ ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื–ื”ื ืืช ื”ืคืฆืข ื”ืคืชื•ื— ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืื ืœื ืฉื˜ืคื ื• ื•ื—ื™ื˜ืื ื• ืืช ื”ืคืฆืข ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ื“ ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืืช ื”ืคืฆืข ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื ื™ื™ื“ืช ืœื—ึถืงึถืจ โ€“ "ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื‘ืคื ื™ื", ืื• ื›ืžื” ื ืขื™ื ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื’ึถึถืœึถื“ ื•ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื•ืงื— ืœื’ืœื“ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.


ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ืฆ'ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืืœื™ ื•/ืื• ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื“ืœ, ื›ืš ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœื—ืฆ'ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขืžืง ื‘ื ื™ืงื•ื– ื”ื—ืฆ'ืงื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืงื™ื•ืช, ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก ืืช ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”- Pizza face-ืคื ื™ ืคื™ืฆื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื›ื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื™ ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื›ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื™.


ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื›ืฉื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื ื• ืžืื™-ืคืขื, ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™-ื”ื ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืข ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื, ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื—ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ, ื”ืื•ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื–ื ืงื™ื ืืœ ื”ืคื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื›ืœ ืžื•ืคืขื™ ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื ื™ ืžืงืฆื” ืœืงืฆื” โ€“ ืชืจื™ืฆื• ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจ' ื’ื•ื’ืœ, ื–ื” ื™ืกื’ื•ืจ ืคื™ื ื” ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ืฉืœื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ื•ื ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื—ื”... ื“ื‘ืจื• ืื™ืชื ื‘ืฉืคื” ืฉืœื”ื, ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.


ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื™ ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื, ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื, ืคื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืจื–ื™ื˜ื™ื โ€“ ื–ื• ืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืชื ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืžืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื”/ืงื•ืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืขืžืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคืขืคืข ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ืจื ื”ื“ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื’ื ืœืื‘ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื โ€“ ืžื” ืฉืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ืงืœ ืจืืฉ.


ืื– ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืจืขืฉ ืžื›ืœ ืฉืจื™ื˜ื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื” ืขื ืืฆื‘ืข ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ืคืง ื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ, ื”ืื ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืื• ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ื•ืœื—ื˜ื ื•ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคึผึธืจืฉื”.


ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืคืฆื™ืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืคืฆื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื—ื•ืช ืงื•ืคืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชื“ืข ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืขื–ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื’ื•ืจื ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš. ืืœ ืชื“ืœื’ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ื–ื” ืฉืœื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ โ€“ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืจืคื•ืื” ืžื•ื ืขืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช.



ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ, ื ืืžืจ ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืื–ืŸ ืืช ืคืœื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืคืจื”ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืคื™ืจื˜ืชื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023 ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ืœืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื™ ื–ื ื™ื ื›ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2023.


ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืœื•ืงื”, ื›ืš ื ืจืื” ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ืขื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“ ื›ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืœื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื ืžื—ื“ ื•ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื™ืงื•ื– ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืžื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืžืื™ื“ืš ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื•ืช.


ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื’ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ืขื•ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ืืงื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื•ืžืก ืจืขืœื ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื™.


ื›ืš ืื• ืื—ืจืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื”ื™ื’ื™ื™ื ื”. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืกื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื–ื ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื“ืงื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืœืชืจื•ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื ื‘ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ื•ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื•.


ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื™ืคืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžื’ืข ืขื ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืจืชื— /ืื• ื—ืœื™ื˜ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ ืžืจืคื ืœื—ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™, ืื• ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืจื’ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ.

ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื›ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ืขื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืืœื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื ื ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืžืจืขืœื ื™ื ื”ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ื‘ื–ืจื ื”ื“ื. ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืฉืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืฉื™ืžื”, ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชืช ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืงืฆืช ืžื ื•ื—ื” ืžืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืขืžื™ืกื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืžื• ืžื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ื, ืขืชื™ืจื™ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืฉืžืจื™ื/ืฆื‘ืข/ืจื™ื—/ื˜ืขื โ€“ ืงื—ื• ืงืฆืช ืคืกืง ื–ืžืŸ-ื”ืคืกืงื” ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœืชืคืจื™ื˜ ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฉืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ื›ืžื• ืกืœืง, ืกืœืจื™, ืืจื˜ื™ืฉื•ืง, ืœื™ืžื•ืŸ.


ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืคืข ืขื•ืจื™ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ โ€“(ื›ืจื•ื ื™), ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืคืขื™ื. ืื ืงื“ื•ื˜ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื• ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจืช ื—ืœืงื” ื‘ืžืขื™ื™ื (ืงืจื™ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืคืœื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื) ื•ื”ื™ืชืจื” ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื“ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื’ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ โ€“ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืื• ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœืžื”.


ืจืง ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืฉืžืœืื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ืชึผึฐืงึตืคึธื” ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืฆืขื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื <ื’ื ืคืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืœื‘, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื ืฉืžื”>, ื›ืš ืฉื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื’ื™ืœ-ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื•ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืคืฆืขื™ื ื• ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื˜ืคืœ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ื ื• ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื“ื•ื’ืžื ืื™ืฉื™ืช.



ย 

ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” - ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื•โ€“ื‘ื”ืงืชโ€“ืœื•ื™ืงื•ื“ืจืžื”


ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื™ื“ ืื“ื ื”ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• - ื‘ื”ืงืช

ืื•ืงื™ื™ โ€“ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืชื•ื›ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™?


ื ืงื“ื™ื ื•ื ืืžืจ ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืคืข ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืžื—ืœื” ืื•ื˜ื•-ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ืช, ืื•ื˜ื• ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื• ืžืœื•ืขื–ื™ืช ืชืงื™ืคื” ืขืฆืžื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืžื›ืืŸ ืงืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื™ืฆืื” ืžืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ืื• ืกื•ืขืจืช ืื• ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™.


ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืคื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืžื—ืœื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ืช ื ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช/ืจื’ืฉื•ืช/ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ื™ื ื•ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืงืœ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื›ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื "ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ื•ื’ื“ ื‘ื ื•"

โ€“ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื” ืื ื™ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืœืขื•ืžืง, ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคืข ื—ื“ ืฆื“ื“ื™...


ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื“ื ืœืื“ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืืฆืœ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ื™ื• ื›ืš ืฉืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ื•ื”ืงืคื“ื” ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ืช ืจื’ืฉื™ืช.

ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืœืขื•ืžืง, "ืœืžื”", ืžื” ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื’ื•ืจื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืœืื•ืชืช ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ืฉื ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ (ืชืจืชื™ ืžืฉืžืข).


ื—ืงืจ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืคืข ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ืจื’ืฉื™, ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืชืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื ืกื™ื’ืช ืžื•ืคืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื•ืคืข ื”ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™.


ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœืฉื”, ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืฉื™ืฉื•ืช, ื›ืื‘ื™ ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ืคื™ื—ื•ืช, ืื“ืžื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•/ืื• ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืื“ื•ืžื™ื, ืคืจื™ื—ื” ืžืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื—ื•ื ื’ื•ืฃ ื ืžื•ืš, ื ืฉื™ืจืช ืฉื™ืขืจ โ€“ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืืžืจ ืฉื”ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื, ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข (ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื™ื•ืžืŸ ืื™ืฉื™) ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื โ€“ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื ื•ื— ืœืฉืœื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืžืขื ื” ืงืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.


ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืขื ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ืจืช type1 ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืฆืžื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ โ€“ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืขื ืžื•ืคืขื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื - ื”ืขื™ืจื ื•ืช ืžืฉืชืœืžืช ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช.


ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ, ื ืขืกื•ืง ื”ืคืขื ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึผึธื”ึตืงึถืช, ืกืคืจ ื•ื™ืงืจื ืคืจืง ื™ื’' ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ึผึธื”ึตืจึถืช ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• โ€“ ืœื•ื™ืงื•ื“ึถืจึฐืžืงื”:


ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื’ื‘ ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ ืขื ื›ืชืžื™ื ืื•ืคื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœืžื—ืœืช ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื•

ื‘ื”ืงืช/ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ืžืฉืงืคืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืคื ื™ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืœื ื•ืฆื™ื˜ื™ื, ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ืคืกืงืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคื™ื’ืžื ื˜ ื”ืžืœื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื ืชื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืžืœื ื™ืŸ, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืจ ืฉืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ืฆื‘ืขื ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื.


ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื›ืชืžื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœืžื—ืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืคึผึธื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืคื” ื•ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื, ืžืจืคืงื™ื, ื’ื‘ ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™, ื‘ื˜ืŸ, ืžืคืฉืขื•ืช ื•ืื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ืŸ.


ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ืื™ื ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื›ืื‘ื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ืื• ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื–ื•ืœืช ื”ื›ืชืžื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ, ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื“ื‘ืงืช, ืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ื˜ืช ื”ืชืจื™ืก (ื”ื™ืคื•/ื”ื™ืคืจ), ื–ืื‘ืช-ืœื•ืคื•ืก, ืžื—ืœืช ืื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื’ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื˜ืœื™ื’ื•.


ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืœื›-20% ืžื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื—ื“ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื•, ื›ืš ืฉืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื›-10% ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืงืฉืจ ื’ื ื˜ื™. ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืกืคื™ื’ื” ืื• ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื“ืœืช ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืื ื˜ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื–ืง ืœืชืื™ื ืžืœื ื•ืฆื™ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื•ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ื—ืžืฆืŸ ืคืขื™ืœ (ืคืจืื•ืงืกื™ื“) ื‘ืจืงืžื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ื ื–ืง ืœืชืื™ื ืžืœื ื•ืฆื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืคืจืฉืช ืจืขืœื ื™ื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืจืก ืชืื™ื ืžืœื ื•ืฆื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื.


ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœ, ืืš ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื’ื™ืœืื™ ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื, ื”ื™ื ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ ื•ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืื™ืชื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• โ€“ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื ืกืงืจื ื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืขื™ืžื™ื ืœืืฃ ืื—ื“ ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉื ืžืจืื” ืฉื•ื ื”.


ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื•ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงืจื™ื ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ. ื“ื™ ื‘ื ืชื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืจื›ื™ ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ D ืืฆืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื” ืœืžืจืฉื ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคื ืขื•ืจ. ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ืŸ D ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ OTC ืœืœื ืžืจืฉื, ืืœื ืฉื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคื ืขื•ืจ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื•, ืืช ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืฉืœื™ืœืช ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื•.


ืจืคื•ืื” ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืืœื™ืช ืชืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืงืจื ื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืžืงื“ื ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืž- 30SPF ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ื’ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ืจ.


ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืงืจืžื™ื ืžื›ื™ืœื™ ืคื™ื’ืžื ื˜ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจ. ืงืจืžื™ื ืืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžืขืžื“ ืฉืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืฉื—ื” ืœื’ื•ืคื”, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืงืจืžื™ื ืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ืžืกื ืŸ ืงืจื™ื ื” ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื.


ื™ืฉ ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ื•ืช ืงื•ืจื˜ื™ืงื•ืกื˜ืจื•ืื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื (ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื) ืžืฉื—ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื›ืชืžื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืžืฉื—ื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืžืขื˜ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ โ€“ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืžืฉื—ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืกื™ื™ื’ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ, ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืงื.


ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžื“ื›ืื•ืช ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื”ืชืืžื” ืžื•ืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื ืœื•ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ, ื’ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืขื ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ื—ืœ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ืคืขืช ืื“ืžื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ืจ ืžื’ื•ืจื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ.


ืืกื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื•ืคืขืช ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื• ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืžื•ืคืข ื˜ืจืื•ืžืชื™ ืฉืื“ื ื—ื•ื•ื” ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืชื•ืคื ื” ืœืคืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื˜ืจืื•ืžื•ืช โ€“ ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ืชื’ืจืช ื•ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืชื•ืงืคืช ืืช ื”ืžืœื ื•ืฆื™ื˜ื™ื, ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ืจืก ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœืช ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ืื™-ืกื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืชืื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื.


ืžื›ืืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฆื‘ื™ื, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ , ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžืฉืคืจืช ืกืคื™ื’ื”, ืชื•ืš ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžื•ืœ ืžื˜ืื‘ื•ืœื™ื–ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืืžื™ื ื•, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช stress management ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฆืžื—ื™ ืžืจืคื, ืจืคืœืงืกื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืืจื•ืžืชืจืคื™ื” ืœื”ืคืงืช ืžืฉื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื’ืขื”, ื“ื™ืงื•ืจ ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื•ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™, ืฉื•ื‘ โ€“ ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ืขื ื”ืคืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืข ื•ื”ืœื ืžื•ื“ืข ืขื ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื›ืชืžื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ.



ย 

ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช โ€“ ืžื” ื ืฉืื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื ื• โ€“



ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• โ€“ ืื—ื“ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•, ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ื–ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื“ื ื•ืขื•ืœื.


ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื ื•, ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื–ืจื” ืฉืœื•, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืœืื—ื•ืจ, ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืชืจื ื• ืื—ืจื™ื ื• โ€“ ื›ืžื• ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื, ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืฉืœื ื•...

ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื”ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืžืฆื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ืชื‘ื—ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืœ ืืฆื‘ืข ื ืจืื™ืช ืื—ืจืช โ€“ ื ืจืื” ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืžืขืจื‘ื•ืœืช, ืœื•ืœืื” ื•ืงืฉืช. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื ืขื•ืฆื” ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืืฆื‘ืข ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช.


ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžืื“ื ืœืื“ื, ื’ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ื•ื’ ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืœ ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืžื“ืข ื”ื“ึถืงึฐื˜ึดื™ืœื•ื’ึฐืจึธืคึฐื™ึธื” (ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข) ืžืขืžื™ืง ื•ืžืชืงื“ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืœืฉืขืจ.


ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ื™ืชื” ืคืขื ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืข ืงืจื•ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘, ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื›ืจื™ืช ื“ื™ื• ื•ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื“ืฃ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ืชื™ืžื” โ€“ ืงื‘ื™ืœ (ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช) ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜.


ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื—ืชื•ื ืื’ื‘ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™-ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ โ€“ ืคืœืืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ื“ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืฉืœื”ื, ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคืœืืคื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืคืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืžืขืฆืจ ืื• ืžืืกืจ, ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื•ื™ืฉื ื ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื›ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื•ื’ื™ื โ€“ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ืื’ืจ ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืžื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื (ืžืงื•ื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื”)


ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื•ื”, ื’ื ืœื ืœืื—ื™ื ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื™-ื”ืื“ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื›ืš ืฉืงืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื‘ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจืง ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื/ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ื ื’ืขื• :


ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื:

1. ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ืขื”

2. ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืžื™ื™ื–ืขื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”

3. ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจืŸ ืžื’ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื’ืข ืขื ื“ื, ืฆื‘ืข, ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ื.


ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœื ื• ืžืกืคืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืชื™ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื™ืขื” ืฉืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉืชื” ื›ืžื•ืช ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืกืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืื™ืœื•, ืื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• โ€“ ืชืคืœื™ื’ื• ืขื ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืœืื”, ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ื, ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืขืœ ืฉื’ืจืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.


ื ื•ืฉื ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืจื’ื™ืฉื”, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ืืœื• ื•ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ืœืคื• ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื•ื”ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืš, ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื›ืžื•ื”ืŸ ื›ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ, ื”ืŸ ืžืขื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ื ื•, ืืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืืช ืžื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืžื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืžืจื™ื ื•ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ื•ืจื—ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœืื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื โ€“ ื›ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืžื•ืจึถืฉึถืช:


ืœืคื—ื•ืช 5000 ืฉื ื”, ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ ืงืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื›ืœื•ืชื ื• ื•ืืœื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืœืื”, ืืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื โ€“ ื–ื• ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื ื•, ื–ื• ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• โ€“ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœืื” (ื•ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืกื• ืคื ื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื ืคืœื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืœืื” pay it forward) ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชื ื• "ืื ื—ื ื•" ื•ืœื ืื—ืจื™ื. . .

ย 


ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื•ืคืจืงื™ ื”ืคื•ื“ืงืืกื˜ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื™ืชื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืงืจื•ื/ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ืืžืจื•ืช, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืงืจื•ื ื•ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉืชื™ืงื•ืช โ€“ ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื. . .


ืื ื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืžื—ื“ืฉืช ืœืื™ืฉ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืžืืชื’ืจืช ืžื›ืœ ืคืŸ ืืคืฉืจื™ ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื โ€“


ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืฉืœืงื—ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ, ื ื›ื—ืชื™ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื ืคืœื ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืœืœื™ ืฉึถืžึถืจ, ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื ืขืžื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• โ€“ ื•ื›ืฉื ืขืžื™ ื—ื–ืจื” ืžื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”:

"ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ื”ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช"

ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”, ืฉื–ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื•, ื—ืœืง ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืฉืจื•ื“ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ

ื–ื• ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื•ื–ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื‘ื ื•.


ืžืื—ืœืช ืœื ื• ื™ืžื™ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื,

ืฉื ื“ืข ืœืžืฆื•ื ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ

ื•ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื• ื”ืœืื”

ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืœื ื• ืขื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•.


ืฉืœื›ื ื›ืชืžื™ื“,


ืชืžืจ.


ย 













ืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื

ื”ืฆื’ ื”ื›ื•ืœ
bottom of page